← All glossary terms

Land, Permitting, and Environmental

Categorical exclusion

Categorical exclusion is a category of federal action that normally does not require detailed NEPA analysis because significant environmental effects are not expected. Extraordinary circumstances can still prevent its use.

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Resource adequacy

Resource adequacy is the ability of the power system to have enough supply, imports, demand response, and reserves to meet expected demand plus reliability margins. AI load growth has made resource adequacy a core large-load planning issue.

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Step-up transformer

A step-up transformer increases voltage, often so generation can connect efficiently to transmission. It is more common in generation projects than load-only data center service, but it matters for on-site generation and microgrid concepts.

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Option agreement

Option agreement gives a party the right, but usually not the obligation, to buy or lease property later under specified terms. It is a common land-control tool while power, zoning, environmental, and diligence work is being resolved.

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